Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Gynaecomastia (GM) is a major contributor to psychological morbidity in adolescent boys, yet there is a lack of evidence for effective treatment. It is known to develop due to the relatively higher diurnal oestradiol–testosterone ratio in early to mid puberty.Aims: We retrospectively looked to identify possible criteria for the selection of patients to predict optimal management of GM. We also examined the effect on the persistence of ...

Mice have been used as a model system in biomedicine for several decades. As mammals their relevance to human endocrinology is substantially greater than many other model systems such as flies, worms and yeast. Mice are also easily adapted to various experimental conditions with human relevance. Most importantly, the mouse genome is well annotated, it can be precisely engineered by several powerful ways, and international consortia have recently produced variety novel tools fo...

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is one of the most frequent autoimmune and metabolic disorders in childhood and youth, developing due to autoimmune destruction of β-cells, which leads to an absolute insulin deficiency. Accumulating data suggest that gut microbiota (GM) may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes influencing the immune response, in which arginine-metabolizing enzymes are involved, particularly arginase. We examined the connection between GM and cyt...

The role of progesterone in male physiology is mainly unknown. We recently observed that progesterone was the most abundant sex hormone in orchiectomized (ORX) mice with most of it stored in white adipose tissue (WAT) (1). The aim of the present study was to use a sensitive and validated gas chromatography/tandem mass spectroscopy method to determine the origins of progesterone in male mice. Tissue levels of progesterone were high in adrenals of male mice, indicating that male...

Introduction: Incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is rising steadily around the globe, including Armenia. It is one of the most common autoimmune and metabolic disorders in pediatric population, resulting from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells leading to insulin deficiency. Gut microbiota (GM) is reportedly involved in the pathogenesis of T1DM likely by influencing the immune response with the help of arginine-metabolizing enzymes. Arginase i...

Background: Hyperthyroidism as well as hypothyroidism have been associated with oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants. Oxidative stress may damage the genomic apparatus and other cellular structures. Urinary excretion of 8-oxo-7.8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo) and 8-oxo-7.8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), respectively, represent global RNA and DNA oxidation, thus reflecting oxidatively generated modification of nucleic acids in...

In cardiovascular-renal (CVR) pathology, the renin (REN)-angiotensin (A2) system (RAS) is central as key regulator of blood pressure BP (major CVR risk factor), and it is widely targeted by therapeutical agents. CVR regulations are utterly complex: realistic and integrated models are needed. However RAS is absent or crude in existing models: in the most integrative one (Guyton’s model GM), it is restricted to a simple factor acting on resistances and aldosterone: key elem...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most frequent autoimmune disorders in childhood, adolescence and youth, developing due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, which leads to an absolute insulin deficiency. Gut microbiota (GM) is associated with the functions of the body’s immune system, and immune-mediated diseases, including T1DM. However, the exact mechanisms by which GM is involved in the T1DM are still unknown. Accumulating data suggest tha...

Aim: To investigate T2-signal intensity (SI) and histopathological characteristics of the somatotroph PitNETs (S-PitNET).Methods: 41 out of 109 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly and available histopathological results were included. 36 results contained the electron microscope examination. Tumors were divided into 3 SI groups: hyperintensive (HyPER), isointensive (ISO) and hypointensive (HyPO). SI was assessed qualitatively using Visua...

Background: Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) is now becoming the standard of care for children and young people with diabetes (CYPD). Due to a lack of validated education programmes, we created ‘The CGM Academy’ delivering evidence-based structured education. The results of the first 50 CYPD graduating from the academy demonstrated statistically significant improvement in time in range (TIR, 3.9-10.0 mmol/l) by 8.3% (P<0.001) and HbA1c by 3.8 mmol/mol...